📜Notes on LaTeX formulas

Oct 25, 2023 · 3 min read

$\LaTeX$ is a document preparation system used for the communication and publication of scientific documents. However, it’s not easy to use this to write formulas, especially for the beginners, typically how to choose the right font and Greek letter.

This essay is a note for me to remember the latex formulas, which have vairous fonts and Greek letter. Furthermore I also record some special symbols that can be used in the Future papers.

Various Fonts

  • Normal form
    • $A$, $B$, $C$, $D$, $E$, $F$, $G$, $H$, $I$, $J$, $K$, $L$, $M$, $N$, $O$, $P$, $Q$, $R$, $S$, $T$, $U$, $V$, $W$, $X$, $Y$, $Z$
    • $a$, $b$, $c$, $d$, $e$, $f$, $g$, $h$, $i$, $j$, $k$, $l$, $m$, $n$, $o$, $p$, $q$, $r$, $s$, $t$, $u$, $v$, $w$, $x$, $y$, $z$
  • Boldface: \mathbf{}.
    • $\mathbf{A}$, $\mathbf{B}$, $\mathbf{C}$, $\mathbf{D}$, $\mathbf{E}$, $\mathbf{F}$, $\mathbf{G}$, $\mathbf{H}$, $\mathbf{I}$, $\mathbf{J}$, $\mathbf{K}$, $\mathbf{L}$, $\mathbf{M}$, $\mathbf{N}$, $\mathbf{O}$, $\mathbf{P}$, $\mathbf{Q}$, $\mathbf{R}$, $\mathbf{S}$, $\mathbf{T}$, $\mathbf{U}$, $\mathbf{V}$, $\mathbf{W}$, $\mathbf{X}$, $\mathbf{Y}$, $\mathbf{Z}$
    • $\mathbf{a}$, $\mathbf{b}$, $\mathbf{c}$, $\mathbf{d}$, $\mathbf{e}$, $\mathbf{f}$, $\mathbf{g}$, $\mathbf{h}$, $\mathbf{i}$, $\mathbf{j}$, $\mathbf{k}$, $\mathbf{l}$, $\mathbf{m}$, $\mathbf{n}$, $\mathbf{o}$, $\mathbf{p}$, $\mathbf{q}$, $\mathbf{r}$, $\mathbf{s}$, $\mathbf{t}$, $\mathbf{u}$, $\mathbf{v}$, $\mathbf{w}$, $\mathbf{x}$, $\mathbf{y}$, $\mathbf{z}$
  • Calligraphic font: \mathcal{}
    • $\mathcal{A}$, $\mathcal{B}$, $\mathcal{C}$, $\mathcal{D}$, $\mathcal{E}$, $\mathcal{F}$, $\mathcal{G}$, $\mathcal{H}$, $\mathcal{I}$, $\mathcal{J}$, $\mathcal{K}$, $\mathcal{L}$, $\mathcal{M}$, $\mathcal{N}$, $\mathcal{O}$, $\mathcal{P}$, $\mathcal{Q}$, $\mathcal{R}$, $\mathcal{S}$, $\mathcal{T}$, $\mathcal{U}$, $\mathcal{V}$, $\mathcal{W}$, $\mathcal{X}$, $\mathcal{Y}$, $\mathcal{Z}$
    • $\mathcal{a}$, $\mathcal{b}$, $\mathcal{c}$, $\mathcal{d}$, $\mathcal{e}$, $\mathcal{f}$, $\mathcal{g}$, $\mathcal{h}$, $\mathcal{i}$, $\mathcal{j}$, $\mathcal{k}$, $\mathcal{l}$, $\mathcal{m}$, $\mathcal{n}$, $\mathcal{o}$, $\mathcal{p}$, $\mathcal{q}$, $\mathcal{r}$, $\mathcal{s}$, $\mathcal{t}$, $\mathcal{u}$, $\mathcal{v}$, $\mathcal{w}$, $\mathcal{x}$, $\mathcal{y}$, $\mathcal{z}$
  • Roman font: \mathrm{}
    • $\mathrm{A}$, $\mathrm{B}$, $\mathrm{C}$, $\mathrm{D}$, $\mathrm{E}$, $\mathrm{F}$, $\mathrm{G}$, $\mathrm{H}$, $\mathrm{I}$, $\mathrm{J}$, $\mathrm{K}$, $\mathrm{L}$, $\mathrm{M}$, $\mathrm{N}$, $\mathrm{O}$, $\mathrm{P}$, $\mathrm{Q}$, $\mathrm{R}$, $\mathrm{S}$, $\mathrm{T}$, $\mathrm{U}$, $\mathrm{V}$, $\mathrm{W}$, $\mathrm{X}$, $\mathrm{Y}$, $\mathrm{Z}$
    • $\mathrm{a}$, $\mathrm{b}$, $\mathrm{c}$, $\mathrm{d}$, $\mathrm{e}$, $\mathrm{f}$, $\mathrm{g}$, $\mathrm{h}$, $\mathrm{i}$, $\mathrm{j}$, $\mathrm{k}$, $\mathrm{l}$, $\mathrm{m}$, $\mathrm{n}$, $\mathrm{o}$, $\mathrm{p}$, $\mathrm{q}$, $\mathrm{r}$, $\mathrm{s}$, $\mathrm{t}$, $\mathrm{u}$, $\mathrm{v}$, $\mathrm{w}$, $\mathrm{x}$, $\mathrm{y}$, $\mathrm{z}$
  • Sans-serif font: \mathsf{}
    • $\mathsf{A}$, $\mathsf{B}$, $\mathsf{C}$, $\mathsf{D}$, $\mathsf{E}$, $\mathsf{F}$, $\mathsf{G}$, $\mathsf{H}$, $\mathsf{I}$, $\mathsf{J}$, $\mathsf{K}$, $\mathsf{L}$, $\mathsf{M}$, $\mathsf{N}$, $\mathsf{O}$, $\mathsf{P}$, $\mathsf{Q}$, $\mathsf{R}$, $\mathsf{S}$, $\mathsf{T}$, $\mathsf{U}$, $\mathsf{V}$, $\mathsf{W}$, $\mathsf{X}$, $\mathsf{Y}$, $\mathsf{Z}$
    • $\mathsf{a}$, $\mathsf{b}$, $\mathsf{c}$, $\mathsf{d}$, $\mathsf{e}$, $\mathsf{f}$, $\mathsf{g}$, $\mathsf{h}$, $\mathsf{i}$, $\mathsf{j}$, $\mathsf{k}$, $\mathsf{l}$, $\mathsf{m}$, $\mathsf{n}$, $\mathsf{o}$, $\mathsf{p}$, $\mathsf{q}$, $\mathsf{r}$, $\mathsf{s}$, $\mathsf{t}$, $\mathsf{u}$, $\mathsf{v}$, $\mathsf{w}$, $\mathsf{x}$, $\mathsf{y}$, $\mathsf{z}$
  • Typewriter font: \mathtt{}
    • $\mathtt{A}$, $\mathtt{B}$, $\mathtt{C}$, $\mathtt{D}$, $\mathtt{E}$, $\mathtt{F}$, $\mathtt{G}$, $\mathtt{H}$, $\mathtt{I}$, $\mathtt{J}$, $\mathtt{K}$, $\mathtt{L}$, $\mathtt{M}$, $\mathtt{N}$, $\mathtt{O}$, $\mathtt{P}$, $\mathtt{Q}$, $\mathtt{R}$, $\mathtt{S}$, $\mathtt{T}$, $\mathtt{U}$, $\mathtt{V}$, $\mathtt{W}$, $\mathtt{X}$, $\mathtt{Y}$, $\mathtt{Z}$
    • $\mathtt{a}$, $\mathtt{b}$, $\mathtt{c}$, $\mathtt{d}$, $\mathtt{e}$, $\mathtt{f}$, $\mathtt{g}$, $\mathtt{h}$, $\mathtt{i}$, $\mathtt{j}$, $\mathtt{k}$, $\mathtt{l}$, $\mathtt{m}$, $\mathtt{n}$, $\mathtt{o}$, $\mathtt{p}$, $\mathtt{q}$, $\mathtt{r}$, $\mathtt{s}$, $\mathtt{t}$, $\mathtt{u}$, $\mathtt{v}$, $\mathtt{w}$, $\mathtt{x}$, $\mathtt{y}$, $\mathtt{z}$
  • Blackboard bold: \mathbb{}
    • $\mathbb{A}$, $\mathbb{B}$, $\mathbb{C}$, $\mathbb{D}$, $\mathbb{E}$, $\mathbb{F}$, $\mathbb{G}$, $\mathbb{H}$, $\mathbb{I}$, $\mathbb{J}$, $\mathbb{K}$, $\mathbb{L}$, $\mathbb{M}$, $\mathbb{N}$, $\mathbb{O}$, $\mathbb{P}$, $\mathbb{Q}$, $\mathbb{R}$, $\mathbb{S}$, $\mathbb{T}$, $\mathbb{U}$, $\mathbb{V}$, $\mathbb{W}$, $\mathbb{X}$, $\mathbb{Y}$, $\mathbb{Z}$
    • $\mathbb{a}$, $\mathbb{b}$, $\mathbb{c}$, $\mathbb{d}$, $\mathbb{e}$, $\mathbb{f}$, $\mathbb{g}$, $\mathbb{h}$, $\mathbb{i}$, $\mathbb{j}$, $\mathbb{k}$, $\mathbb{l}$, $\mathbb{m}$, $\mathbb{n}$, $\mathbb{o}$, $\mathbb{p}$, $\mathbb{q}$, $\mathbb{r}$, $\mathbb{s}$, $\mathbb{t}$, $\mathbb{u}$, $\mathbb{v}$, $\mathbb{w}$, $\mathbb{x}$, $\mathbb{y}$, $\mathbb{z}$,
  • Script font: \mathscr{}
    • $\mathscr{A}$, $\mathscr{B}$, $\mathscr{C}$, $\mathscr{D}$, $\mathscr{E}$, $\mathscr{F}$, $\mathscr{G}$, $\mathscr{H}$, $\mathscr{I}$, $\mathscr{J}$, $\mathscr{K}$, $\mathscr{L}$, $\mathscr{M}$, $\mathscr{N}$, $\mathscr{O}$, $\mathscr{P}$, $\mathscr{Q}$, $\mathscr{R}$, $\mathscr{S}$, $\mathscr{T}$, $\mathscr{U}$, $\mathscr{V}$, $\mathscr{W}$, $\mathscr{X}$, $\mathscr{Y}$, $\mathscr{Z}$
    • $\mathscr{a}$, $\mathscr{b}$, $\mathscr{c}$, $\mathscr{d}$, $\mathscr{e}$, $\mathscr{f}$, $\mathscr{g}$, $\mathscr{h}$, $\mathscr{i}$, $\mathscr{j}$, $\mathscr{k}$, $\mathscr{l}$, $\mathscr{m}$, $\mathscr{n}$, $\mathscr{o}$, $\mathscr{p}$, $\mathscr{q}$, $\mathscr{r}$, $\mathscr{s}$, $\mathscr{t}$, $\mathscr{u}$, $\mathscr{v}$, $\mathscr{w}$, $\mathscr{x}$, $\mathscr{y}$, $\mathscr{z}$
  • Fraktur font: \mathfrak{}
    • $\mathfrak{A}$, $\mathfrak{B}$, $\mathfrak{C}$, $\mathfrak{D}$, $\mathfrak{E}$, $\mathfrak{F}$, $\mathfrak{G}$, $\mathfrak{H}$, $\mathfrak{I}$, $\mathfrak{J}$, $\mathfrak{K}$, $\mathfrak{L}$, $\mathfrak{M}$, $\mathfrak{N}$, $\mathfrak{O}$, $\mathfrak{P}$, $\mathfrak{Q}$, $\mathfrak{R}$, $\mathfrak{S}$, $\mathfrak{T}$, $\mathfrak{U}$, $\mathfrak{V}$, $\mathfrak{W}$, $\mathfrak{X}$, $\mathfrak{Y}$, $\mathfrak{Z}$
    • $\mathfrak{a}$, $\mathfrak{b}$, $\mathfrak{c}$, $\mathfrak{d}$, $\mathfrak{e}$, $\mathfrak{f}$, $\mathfrak{g}$, $\mathfrak{h}$, $\mathfrak{i}$, $\mathfrak{j}$, $\mathfrak{k}$, $\mathfrak{l}$, $\mathfrak{m}$, $\mathfrak{n}$, $\mathfrak{o}$, $\mathfrak{p}$, $\mathfrak{q}$, $\mathfrak{r}$, $\mathfrak{s}$, $\mathfrak{t}$, $\mathfrak{u}$, $\mathfrak{v}$, $\mathfrak{w}$, $\mathfrak{x}$, $\mathfrak{y}$, $\mathfrak{z}$

Typical Example

  • Vector：$\mathbf{x}$
  • Matrix: $\mathbf{M}$
Learning Content
ChengAo Shen
Authors
ChengAo Shen
Ph.D. student